Author Archives: P. C.

The Second Exile of Dr. Martinez

Posted on November 3, 2026 by P. C.

Chaos In late 1911 all of Ecuador was thrown into chaos by the death of President Emilio Estrada who had only been in office for three months. Dr. Martinez and his descendants were … Continue reading →

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The Railroad

Posted on September 3, 2012 by P. C.

The railroad was one of the accomplishments of the Alfaro Presidency. The extreme difficulty of this project was due primarily to the unique geography but also to the climate. Before completion of the … Continue reading →

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Excerpts from Enrique Ayala Mora’s “History of the Liberal Revolution”

Posted on November 30, 2011 by P. C.

This is a translation of excerpts from: Enrique Ayala Mora’s “History of the Ecuadorian Liberal Revolution”. The Succession after Plaza (“The Fronde”) (p. 140-150) In 1904 the race for the next presidential election … Continue reading →

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The Histories of Enrique Ayala Mora

Posted on November 27, 2011 by P. C.

Dr. Enrique Ayala Mora received his doctorate in History from Oxford University in 1982. His books on 19th and early 20th century Ecuadorian history stand out as the most succinct and reliable authorities … Continue reading →

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Excerpts from Enrique Ayala Mora (the “Manual”)

Posted on November 27, 2011 by P. C.

This is a translation of brief excerpts from Enrique Ayala Mora’s “Manual de Historia del Ecuador” (“Manual of the History of Ecuador”) -pages 43,44,50 & 63-68.This manual is a very condensed version of … Continue reading →

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The concept of Patronage

Posted on November 20, 2011 by P. C.

The concept of “Patronage” is related to the great “Investiture Conflict” of European History. Both of these terms refer to the question of who should have the authority to nominate an individual to … Continue reading →

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El Perico: Historical References

Posted on November 14, 2011 by P. C.

“El Perico” in the accounts of three Ecuadorian Historians This page includes translations of passages from the works of leading Ecuadorian Historians on Dr. Martinez’ publication “El Perico”.  Note that each issue of  … Continue reading →

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Map of Ecuador

Posted on October 27, 2011 by P. C.

There are two maps on this page. Note the Andes Mountain range that runs from North to South through the country. This map is from the CIA; it shows the provinces of Ecuador … Continue reading →

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New Content

Posted on July 22, 2011 by P. C.

When new content is added to the site, it is logged here 7/21/11: New Post on “El Perico and the First Exile” of Dr. Martinez. 7/23/11: Added a translation of the last section … Continue reading →

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El Perico and the First Exile

Posted on July 22, 2011 by P. C.

One of the best accounts of the events leading up the first exile of Dr. Martinez is found in a comprehensive work by Jose Antonio Gomez Iturralde: a two-volume overview of the newspapers … Continue reading →

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